The system isn't malfunctioning, it's just overly sensitive.
I've had similar experiences with my 2016 W205 C class and in a 2019 Toyota Camry.

Have you ever had something fly towards your windshield and you flinch slightly and then realize it was just a leaf as it careens away from the car?
Same thing happening here. The system gets a false positive but before it can determine it is false, it chooses to react. Usually as soon as it reacts, more info comes through the sensors and it realizes it's false.

There's really nothing you can do except turn it off when you're going to drive aggressively.