moyenecorniche,
When a suspension is developed, there are a few key variables that determine the range of spring rates that are needed to be used on that platform.
- Overall Vehicle Weight
- Corner Weight & F/R weight distribution
- Suspension Motion Ratio & Leverage Factor
After these raw numbers are calculated into base numbers that will in turn hold up the vehicle at a certain height, then the engineer can start to influence the handling characteristic by adjusting the rates of the springs and coupling them with the appropriate forces in the dampers and sway bars.
For example, here is a basic example using the S4 Sedan information to calculate the base spring rate.
Referring to page 2 of the
2004 Audi S4 Sedan tech specs that I found on Audiworld it is showing the Curb Weight of the Automatic Sedan at 3925 lbs, and a Front to Rear distribution of 53/47.
Using the basic calculator that Hyperco springs posts on their website:
http://www.hypercoils.com/spring-calculator
I was able to put together this approximate calculation with the PDF data and spare parts I had at the shop (front coilover & lower control arm):
Front Corner Weight: 1040 lbs (53 % of 3925 = 2080.25, half of that for one wheel= 1040.125)
Unsprung Weight: 80lbs
Dimension A: 11”
Dimension B: 15”
Spring Angle: 75 degrees
Shock Ride Height : 2.85”
From this information Hyperco recommends a 475.6 lbs/inch spring, with an effective wheel rate of 238.63 lbs/inch.
Here is a quick list of standard A4 coilovers (non S4) and their spring rates that are posted here on Audizine:
spring rates on coilovers?
The average on the standard car seems to hover between 450 and 580 mark front, with the higher rates on the STaSIS Track sport ranging between 600-800 (optionally).
Even if you added another 1000 lbs to the standard weight of the car in this calculator (factored out to a single front corner at 1305lbs), they would still only recommend a 606.80 lbs rate.
You can see by this basic calculation of what would be required to hold up the vehicle vs what the suspension companies are using that they have used the rate to control undesirable performance characteristics of this platform.
Glen @ EuroCollective
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